VR Law — International Defence and Security Law — Vincent Roobaert

Technology & Humanitarian Law

Legal analysis where emerging military technologies meet international humanitarian law, for governments, international organisations, industry and research institutions.

Who I advise

Governments and organisations

Ministries of defence, armed forces and international organisations assessing the legal framework for the development and use of new capabilities.

Industry and research

Companies and research institutions developing technologies with military applications that need to understand the international legal framework.

Areas of analysis
I

Artificial intelligence and autonomy

The application of international humanitarian law to AI-enabled and autonomous systems, including human control and accountability.

  • Autonomous weapon systems
  • Human control and accountability
  • AI in military decision support
II

Cyber operations and hybrid threats

The legal qualification of cyber operations and hybrid activities under international law.

  • Cyber operations in armed conflict
  • Legal qualification of hybrid activities
  • Attribution and responses
III

Legal reviews of new weapons

Reviews of new weapons, means and methods of warfare under Article 36 of Additional Protocol I.

  • Article 36 legal reviews
  • Review procedures and methodology
  • Training and briefings
Publications

Related writing

Article · 20 August 2026
Who Signs Off?
Artificial intelligence, autonomous weapons and accountability under international humanitarian law.
Article · 28 August 2026
Is Hybrid War, War?
The legal qualification of hybrid threats and the threshold of an armed attack.
Contact

Consultations by appointment, in person or remotely

vincent.roobaert@gmail.com +32 (0)477 98 66 27
Rue du Dahlia, 1030 Schaerbeek, Brussels
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